Peritonitis is a surgical emergency, in which inflammation of peritoneum takes place. Peritonitis can be generalized or localized, its treatment is explorating the abdomen cavity for cause like perforation of intestines, gangrene, injury or infection and appropriate actions are taken immediately, by closing the perforation.
Principles of Peritonitis Surgery are:
Open abdomen cavity with midline or paramedian incision, if purulent fluid comes out send it for culture & senstivity, explore the cause & perform procedure like appendicectomy for appendicits, bowel resection for gangrene, closure of any perforation of small and large bowel or uterus.
Vasectomy is the minor surgery performed in men who do not want further children, it is a permanent contraception, done under local anaesthesia and person can go home with in half an hour.
Part preperation is done care to be taken not to wash scrotum with povidine iodine because it may cause scrotal dermatitis.
1.First of all palpate the vasdeferens at the root of scrotum, it is felt as a cord like structure.
2. Give lignocaine (local anaesthesia) in the cord and wait for 2 minutes so that its effect comes.
Video guide on how to perform surgery of colostomy?
How to care for colostomy?
Colostomy is the surgical procedure where colon is cut and one part (mostly proximal) is taken out by making hole in abdomen wall and is sutured with the help of stitches. The part which is out of abdomen cavity is known as STOMA. Through this stoma faeces comes out and collected in colostomy bag which is emptied time to time.
Complete video demonstration on how to perform Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under General Anaesthesia.
First of all four small incisions are made on abdomen through which operating ports, camera along with light source is passed into abdominal cavity.
Carbondioxide is passed under 15 mm of Hg, so as to inflate the abdomen.
Gall Bladder is localised, if inflated bile is evacuated through needle so that it can be grasped, later on Gall bladder is grasped and pushed back-upward to expose Callot’s Triangle, where tissues are being seperated by electro cautry so as to expose Cystic Duct and Cystic Artery.
This is the video presentation of how to drain the pus from abdominal cavity by laprotomy, after that a corrugated tube is inserted so that extra pus which may form later on can get drained out. In this patient the pus area was seen as supra pubic lump, when laprotomy was done, pus was found above the rectus sheath, which was drained effectively. See complete procedure in this video below
Spleen is an anatomically small organ hidden under the 9th to 11th, dull note on percussion, measuring 1×3x5 inches and weighing about 7oz.
It lies in contact with diaphragm.
When blood collects due to splenic injury, it irritates the diaphragm causing referred pain to the shoulder tip. (kehr’s sign).
Causes of Rupture of spleen:
1. Blunt injury of abdomen: injury to the left side of chest, left lower rib fracture, due to fall from a tree, road traffic accidents can be associated with splenic fracture.
